Formic Acid
Formic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula HCOOH and a molecular weight of 46.03. It is often referred to as formic acid and is the simplest carboxylic acid. It is a colorless, irritating liquid. Formic acid is a weak electrolyte, but its aqueous solution is weakly acidic, corrosive, and can irritate and blister the skin.
It is usually found in the secretions of bees, certain ants and caterpillars. It is an organic chemical and is also used as a disinfectant and preservative.
| Name | Formic acid |
| CAS Number | 64-18-6 |
| EINECS number | 200-001-8 |
| Melting point | 8.2 to 8.4 ℃ |
| Water soluble | soluble in water |
| Exterior | colorless liquid |
| Dangerous | Health hazard: moderate toxicity |
| chemical formula | HCOOH |
| Flash point | 69 ℃ |
【Application 1】It is Applicationd to prepare formate, formate, formamide, etc. It also has certain Applications in medicine, printing and dyeing, dyes, leather and other industries.
【Application 2】Applicationd as chemical reagent
【Application 3】Applicationd as reducing agent, buffer, also Applicationd in pesticide preparation
【Application 4】As a green feed additive.
【Application 5】Fragrance enhancer. Mainly Applicationd for the preparation of flavors such as pineapple, rum and smoke. Both disinfection and antiseptic effect.
【Application 6】Sterilization and mildew prevention in pulp manufacturing.
【Application 7】Formic acid is one of the basic organic chemical raw materials, widely Applicationd in pesticides, leather, textile, printing and dyeing, pharmaceutical and rubber industries, etc. It can also be Applicationd to prepare various solvents, plasticizers, rubber coagulants, animal feed additives and new technology to synthesize insulin Wait. In my country's formic acid consumption, the pharmaceutical industry accounts for about 45%, the chemical industry accounts for about 30%, and other sectors such as light industry and textile account for about 25%. Formic acid is one of my country's important export chemical products. At present, the production of formic acid in my country all adopts the sodium formate method. Formic acid is often Applicationd as an inexpensive, less volatile and corrosive substitute for inorganic acids, widely Applicationd in light industry. In the textile and printing and dyeing industries, formic acid is Applicationd as an agent for eliminating nitrous gas produced by the Indicosol sodium nitrite method, a dyeing auxiliary for weak acid dyes and neutral complex dyes, and a dyeing auxiliary for reactive dyes to dye nylon. Formic acid will not remain on the fabric during the printing and dyeing process, and its acidity is stronger than that of acetic acid, which can reduce the hexamethylene chromium.Therefore, the utilization rate of dyes can be improved in the process of chromium mordant dyeing. Using formic acid instead of sulfuric acid can avoid cellulose degradation, and the acidity is moderate, and the dyeing is uniform, so it is an excellent dyeing assistant. Formic acid is Applicationd as a substitute for inorganic acids for decolorization, dehairing, lime neutralization and mildew prevention in wet leather in tanned leather. Using formic acid as a coagulant can improve the quality of natural rubber, reduce production costs, and can also be Applicationd for the regeneration of waste rubber. Using formic acid to make feed additives has great potential in silage. Formic acid has the function of inhibiting or preventing the growth of mold, and can change the natural fermentation form of feed. Fatty acid is often added to enhance the anti-mold effect. Feeding dairy cows with formic acid-treated green fodder can prevent the reduction of milk production in winter, and the fattening effect is also significantly improved. In the food industry, formic acid is Applicationd for disinfection and preservation in the wine industry, as a cleaning and disinfectant for cans, and as a preservative for fruit juices and foods. Numerous derivatives of formic acid are intermediates for medicines, pesticides, dyes, fragrances, solvents, Applicationd in the manufacture of borneol, aminopyrine, caffeine, vitamin B1, dipyridine, fenamidine, tricycline, tricyclazole, dimethicone formamide, etc.Among the derivatives of formic acid, substituted carboxamides and formate esters are widely Applicationd in industry (for derivatives of carboxamide, see the entry of this product). Formic acid esters are widely Applicationd in the fragrance industry, such as: ethyl formate - peach, berry and other fruit flavors; isoamyl formate - fruit flavors, leather flavors; hexyl formate - apple flavor; heptyl formate - Fruit flavors such as apricot, plum, peach; n-decyl formate - neroli essence and iris oil; benzyl formate - frangipani and other floral fragrances and soap flavors; cinnamyl formate - frangipani and moonflower flavors Application; citronellyl formate - for rose, sweet-scented osmanthus, wild lily and other flavors; syringyl formate - for carnation flavor, etc.; geranyl formate - rose, orange blossom, geranium and other flavors; formic acid aromatic Camphor ester - lavender, bergamot and other flavors; Menthyl formate - cosmetic flavor, spray flavor; phenethyl formate - white rose, orchid, chrysanthemum and other flavors; thyme formate - cosmetic flavor.
【Application 8】Reducing agent, determination of arsenic, bismuth, aluminum, copper, gold, indium, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, silver and zinc, etc., determination of cerium, rhenium and tungsten, determination of aromatic primary and secondary amines, determination of molecular weight and Solvent for crystallization, determination of methoxy groups, Applicationd as fixative in microscopic analysis, production of formates.